Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property DUP_PRO_Global_Entity::$notices is deprecated in /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-content/plugins/duplicator-pro/classes/entities/class.json.entity.base.php on line 244

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-content/plugins/duplicator-pro/classes/entities/class.json.entity.base.php:244) in /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-content/plugins/bluehost-wordpress-plugin/vendor/newfold-labs/wp-module-ecommerce/includes/ECommerce.php on line 197

Notice: Function wp_enqueue_script was called incorrectly. Scripts and styles should not be registered or enqueued until the wp_enqueue_scripts, admin_enqueue_scripts, or login_enqueue_scripts hooks. This notice was triggered by the nfd_wpnavbar_setting handle. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 3.3.0.) in /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6078

Deprecated: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($search) of type array|string is deprecated in /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-content/mu-plugins/endurance-page-cache.php on line 862

Deprecated: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($search) of type array|string is deprecated in /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-content/mu-plugins/endurance-page-cache.php on line 862

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-content/plugins/duplicator-pro/classes/entities/class.json.entity.base.php:244) in /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-content/plugins/duplicator-pro/classes/entities/class.json.entity.base.php:244) in /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-content/plugins/duplicator-pro/classes/entities/class.json.entity.base.php:244) in /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-content/plugins/duplicator-pro/classes/entities/class.json.entity.base.php:244) in /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-content/plugins/duplicator-pro/classes/entities/class.json.entity.base.php:244) in /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-content/plugins/duplicator-pro/classes/entities/class.json.entity.base.php:244) in /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-content/plugins/duplicator-pro/classes/entities/class.json.entity.base.php:244) in /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-content/plugins/duplicator-pro/classes/entities/class.json.entity.base.php:244) in /home2/imszdrmy/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831
{"id":41054,"date":"2020-05-30T16:16:08","date_gmt":"2020-05-30T21:16:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/?p=41054"},"modified":"2020-05-30T16:16:08","modified_gmt":"2020-05-30T21:16:08","slug":"creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/","title":{"rendered":"Creative strategies that could have worked in aftermath of George Floyd Murder"},"content":{"rendered":"

In 1967, President Lyndon Johnson sent the United States Army into Detroit to try to calm the streets after rioting and police conduct had resulted in the deaths of forty-three. Fifty three years later, the governmental approach to civil unrest continues to be to send in armed police officers and national guardsmen.<\/p>\n

It did not work well in Ferguson, MO in 2014; it certainly is not working well now in Minneapolis and a host of other cities. Are there other ways to deal with citizen concerns besides massive displays of armed power?<\/p>\n

Here are a few suggestions as to how authorities in Minneapolis could have, and hopefully still can, try to communicate an understanding of the frustration of the citizens. Beyond that, the police forces still have time to try to make amends.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Immediately acknowledge that the cops messed up. Police officers on the street could acknowledge this. If they really wanted to get the point across clearly, some police officers could carry signs saying, \u201cWe messed up,\u201d or perhaps even better, \u201cWe screwed up,\u201d or \u201cWe fucked up.\u201d It\u2019s not what the community would expect to see, but these are not ordinary times. As Mark Twain said, \u201cWhen everything else fails, try telling the truth.\u201d<\/li>\n
  2. Instead of having police on the front lines opposing citizens, the municipal leaders could call out other public employees who are more skilled in conflict resolution. Imagine if the city sent hundreds or thousands of public school teachers, social workers, public defenders and others to talk openly with the protesters. They could hear out what the protesters had to say, document it, and commit themselves to passing along the concerns of the citizens to \u201chigher-ups.\u201d In the category of \u201ctruth in advertising,\u201d we have to acknowledge that not all teachers, social workers and public defenders are terribly skilled in conflict resolution, but they would be a good group with whom to start.<\/li>\n
  3. Find ways to organize community truth and reconciliation gatherings. These would be on-going. Minneapolis seems to have an outstanding mayor in Jacob Frey and an excellent Chief of Police in Medaria Arradondo. Begin scheduling meetings now, and be sure to include on the beat police officers. Everyone would have to follow rules of civility.<\/li>\n
  4. Being somewhat facetious, but what the hell, the Minnesota Vikings could sign Colin Kaepernick to compete with Kirk Cousins to be quarterback. At the very least, Kaepernick could teach police officers the proper way to take a knee. As silly as this may sound, it could be an act of good faith within the community and would probably give the Vikings what they need to become a Super Bowl contender.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    We have previously written<\/a> about police officers also being trained to be social workers. Police are often the first level of government with whom citizens come in contact when there is discord. They should be the best possible representatives of the state. Their jobs put them in positions to be the first line of justice when troubles occur within our society.<\/p>\n

    Yes, this includes investigating crimes and apprehending those who have broken laws, but it also involves delicate situations such as domestic disputes or daily occurrences such as truancy. \u00a0When police interact with citizens who have broken laws, or people who are in distress, they need to be able to address the immediate emotional needs of the people. Additionally, they must be equipped with a wide range of resources that can direct citizens to agencies that can help them with their areas of frustration. In the case of domestic disputes, police should be able to direct parties to effective counseling, the type that can be immediately available. If a person has an alcohol or other drug addiction, police should be able to direct them to rehab programs. If a person just lost his or her job, police know how to help citizens effectively look for new job opportunities.<\/p>\n

    But, as we all know, most of today\u2019s police are not trained that way. This is why they are perhaps among the least equipped people in our society to deal with the current justified anger on the streets of Minneapolis and other American cities. So, while putting alternate personnel besides police officers on the streets during this current outrage over what four police officers willingly did to George Floyd, the police in Minneapolis and every other community in our country must have their jobs radically redefined. Those who are currently police officer who have to quickly learn to adapt, or they will justifiably be replaced by many others who have the requisite skills to know far more about justice than Officer Derek Chauvin and his three colleagues.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    It did not work well in Ferguson, MO in 2014; it certainly is not working well now in Minneapolis and a host of other cities. Are there other ways to deal with citizen concerns besides massive displays of armed power?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":41058,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3027,767,1988,255,843,1683,2321,1360,3409],"tags":[2533,3556,3557],"yoast_head":"\nCreative strategies that could have worked in aftermath of George Floyd Murder - Occasional Planet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Creative strategies that could have worked in aftermath of George Floyd Murder - Occasional Planet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"It did not work well in Ferguson, MO in 2014; it certainly is not working well now in Minneapolis and a host of other cities. Are there other ways to deal with citizen concerns besides massive displays of armed power?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Occasional Planet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Occasional-Planet-325800656245\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-05-30T21:16:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/MInneapolis-Police.jpg?fit=760%2C428&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"760\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"428\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Arthur Lieber\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@Occas_Planet\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Occas_Planet\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Arthur Lieber\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/\",\"name\":\"Creative strategies that could have worked in aftermath of George Floyd Murder - Occasional Planet\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/MInneapolis-Police.jpg?fit=760%2C428&ssl=1\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-05-30T21:16:08+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-05-30T21:16:08+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/#\/schema\/person\/30209aa479bd5ded74238d2ba4fc550f\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/MInneapolis-Police.jpg?fit=760%2C428&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/MInneapolis-Police.jpg?fit=760%2C428&ssl=1\",\"width\":760,\"height\":428,\"caption\":\"MInneapolis Police\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Creative strategies that could have worked in aftermath of George Floyd Murder\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/\",\"name\":\"Occasional Planet\",\"description\":\"Progressive Voices Speaking Out\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/#\/schema\/person\/30209aa479bd5ded74238d2ba4fc550f\",\"name\":\"Arthur Lieber\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ddbe1ebe31b3b8d3169935b60845e398?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ddbe1ebe31b3b8d3169935b60845e398?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Arthur Lieber\"},\"description\":\"Since 1969, Arthur Lieber has been teaching and working in non-profit educational organizations. His focus has been on promoting critical, creative, and enjoyable learning for students in informal settings. In the 2010 mid-term elections, he was the Democratic nominee for US Congress from Missouri\u2019s 2nd Congressional District.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/author\/arthur-lieber\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Creative strategies that could have worked in aftermath of George Floyd Murder - Occasional Planet","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Creative strategies that could have worked in aftermath of George Floyd Murder - Occasional Planet","og_description":"It did not work well in Ferguson, MO in 2014; it certainly is not working well now in Minneapolis and a host of other cities. Are there other ways to deal with citizen concerns besides massive displays of armed power?","og_url":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/","og_site_name":"Occasional Planet","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Occasional-Planet-325800656245\/","article_published_time":"2020-05-30T21:16:08+00:00","og_image":[{"width":760,"height":428,"url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/MInneapolis-Police.jpg?fit=760%2C428&ssl=1","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Arthur Lieber","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@Occas_Planet","twitter_site":"@Occas_Planet","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Arthur Lieber","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/","url":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/","name":"Creative strategies that could have worked in aftermath of George Floyd Murder - Occasional Planet","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/MInneapolis-Police.jpg?fit=760%2C428&ssl=1","datePublished":"2020-05-30T21:16:08+00:00","dateModified":"2020-05-30T21:16:08+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/#\/schema\/person\/30209aa479bd5ded74238d2ba4fc550f"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/MInneapolis-Police.jpg?fit=760%2C428&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/MInneapolis-Police.jpg?fit=760%2C428&ssl=1","width":760,"height":428,"caption":"MInneapolis Police"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/2020\/05\/30\/creative-strategies-that-could-have-worked-in-aftermath-of-george-floyd-murder\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Creative strategies that could have worked in aftermath of George Floyd Murder"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/","name":"Occasional Planet","description":"Progressive Voices Speaking Out","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/#\/schema\/person\/30209aa479bd5ded74238d2ba4fc550f","name":"Arthur Lieber","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ims.zdr.mybluehost.me\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ddbe1ebe31b3b8d3169935b60845e398?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ddbe1ebe31b3b8d3169935b60845e398?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Arthur Lieber"},"description":"Since 1969, Arthur Lieber has been teaching and working in non-profit educational organizations. His focus has been on promoting critical, creative, and enjoyable learning for students in informal settings. In the 2010 mid-term elections, he was the Democratic nominee for US Congress from Missouri\u2019s 2nd Congressional District.","url":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/author\/arthur-lieber\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/MInneapolis-Police.jpg?fit=760%2C428&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41054"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41054"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41054\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41057,"href":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41054\/revisions\/41057"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/41058"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/occasionalplanet.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}